welcome to oneGRAVESvoice
- a positively charged Graves' disease and thyroid eye disease community.- join today!
- log in
Role of Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors in the Etiology of Graves’ Disease
source: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
year: 2015
authors: Marinò M, Latrofa F, Menconi F, Chiovato L, Vitti P
summary/abstract:In spite of the advancements in understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of Graves’ disease (GD), its ultimate cause remains elusive. The majority of investigators agree that GD is likely a multifactorial disease, due to a complex interplay of genetic and non-genetic factors that lead to the loss of immune tolerance to thyroid antigens and to the initiation of a sustained autoimmune reaction. Twin and family studies support a role of genetic factors, among which the HLA complex, CD40, CTLA-4, PTPN22, FCRL3, thyroglobulin, and the TSH receptor may be involved.
Among non-genetic factors, iodine, infections, psychological stress, gender, smoking, thyroid damage, vitamin D, selenium, immune modulating agents, and periods of immune reconstitution may contribute the development of the diseases. Here we review in detail the respective role of genetic and non-genetic factors in the etiology of GD, taking advantage of the great bulk of data generated especially over the past 30 years.
organization: University Hospital of Pisa, Italy; University of Pavia, ItalyDOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0214-2
rareRelated
-
Alon Kahana, MD, PhDDr. Alon Kahana is an Attending Oculopla...
-
Sajeev S. Kathuria, MDDr. Sajeev Kathuria is a board-certified...
-
Anthony Maloof, MBBS hons, MBiomedE, FRANZCODr. Maloof is an internationally recogni...
-
Scheie Eye Institute – Thyroid Eye Disease ProgramScheie’s Thyroid Eye Disease Program o...
-
Efficacy of B-cell Targeted Therapy With Rituximab in Patients With Active Moderate to Severe Graves’ Orbitopa...Background: Preliminary studies have sh...
-
Wilmer Eye Institute at the Johns Hopkins HospitalThe Wilmer Eye Institute has long been r...
-
Michele Beaconsfield, FRCOphthMichele Beaconsfield is a consultant oph...